It would be an interesting study, wouldn't it? Digging into the history of zoos, circuses and other wild animal shows over the past couple hundred years.
Kisling chronicles the arrival of menageries in America and Europe in the 1700-1800s. A cool site called CircusHistory.org has some interesting facts on The Ringling Bros.' Monster Show that included a stable of camels and elephants along side a dozen trained horses.
In that study I'd also love to see how our understanding of animals - and a deeper concern for nature in general - paralleled Disney's humanizing of a mouse or a duck or a great dane or a cricket or a deer. I can't help thinking that one of the reasons we became more aware of animal "rights" was the personalities he gave them in movies. Animals ceased being oddities or mere entertainment. For the Disney generation, animals had emotions and personalities and romantic notions and dreams. Animals helped princesses with their dresses and adopted orphaned man cubs. They became our friends.
And then there was Disney's association with animal adventures and conservation. I'll always remember Sunday evenings for two things: The Wonderful World of Disney, which immediately followed Mutual of Omaha's Wild Kingdom. Cynthia Chris notes that Disney was behind much of modern wildlife films. In as much as Disney began to be associated with other naturalists like Cousteau, she's certainly right.
Disneyland wasn't a step in the direction of ecology. It was an utterly transformational leap. Zoos in New York and Chicago and elsewhere already had cages of animals you could visit. Disney transcended this by putting bears in music reviews, submarines full of people in an undersea world, and elephants and hippos and elephants as stars in a life-size jungle adventure cruise. I'll never forget my first visit as a kid. For the first time a wild animal wasn't in some far-off place on TV, or a strange visitor to my world surrounded by a cage. I was now the stranger, a visitor to the animal's world, at least in my own fertile imagination.
Despite the fact that the animals are not animatrons, places like the San Diego Zoo's Wild Animal Park seem like a copy of Disney's vision to draw us into the animals' world, not the other way around. Even Disney resisted a foray into live animals, only building its Animal Kingdom park in the past decade.
Beyond all the magical animal imagery, one ride in particular drove home the notion of the need for conservation better than any other. No, it wasn't Dumbo, or Pirates, or the Haunted House. It was that boat ride that even today drives people crazy and yet strangely seduces: It's a Small World.
If you thought you could just come to an amusement park and forget your troubles, or avoid the message that the world was a system of living things, or ignore overpopulation, Walt Disney rocks your world with the indelible notion that the human species is part of the greater whole, and the whole isn't as huge as you thought it was. It's one thing to see tigers from India and rabbits from Wonderland. Quite another to see hundreds of mechanical kids from every corner of the globe all singing the same, haunting song.
it's a world of laughter, a world or tears
its a world of hopes, its a world of fear
theres so much that we share
that its time we're aware
its a small world after all
CHORUS:
its a small world after all
its a small world after all
its a small world after all
its a small, small world
There is just one moon and one golden sun
And a smile means friendship to everyone.
Though the mountains divide
And the oceans are wide
It's a small small world
Like the Hebrew poets who, lacking punctuation, simply repeated thoughts for emphasis, Disney's world isn't just small. It's small small. If parents don't know what small small means, I can tell ya that a kid sure does.
People will look at Disney's empire now and its green credentialing and debate whether or not it is truly an environmental leader or whether it's as good at greenwashing as it is at imagineering.
But in my mind there's no doubt that generations of children had seeds of ecology planted in their fertile brains clutching a Mickey head balloon, watching fireworks over Cinderella's castle.
More at:
Growing Up Disney, Growing Up Green
Disney's Conservation Hero 2008
Disney Sets Colossal Environmental Plans For The Future
Shaping Youth Teen Team Reflects On Disneynature EARTH Premiere
Disney And Al Gore Help Mobilize Teens To Fight Climate Change
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